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Elongation factor 2 (EF-2) catalyzes the GTP hydrolysis-dependent translocation reaction that is responsible for the movement of the ribosome along mRNA during protein synthesis. Diphtheria toxin catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of EF-2 inhibits the translocation reaction which halts protein synthesis and ultimately results in cell death. Diphtheria toxin is cell permeable and can translocate across endosomal membranes in response to low pH3. | 
